Use eq_ignore_ascii_case when parsing HTML tags. Different versions
of Flash may export HTML tags with different cases, so this will
work a little better; however, we'll need a true HTML parser to
handle this robustly (for opening and closing tags with different
cases, for example).
* Implement `add`, with tests.
* Implement `add_i`.
There's no test, because for whatever reason, I can't figure out how to emit this from Animate CC 2020.
* avm2: Implement `bitand` with tests.
* Implement `bitnot` with tests.
* Implement `bitor` with tests.
* avm2: Implement `bitxor`
* avm2: Implement `declocal`, `declocal_i`, `decrement`, and `decrement_i`.
* tests: `swf_approx` tests should be allowed to print NaNs.
* avm2: Implement `divide`.
* avm2: Implement `inclocal`, `inclocal_i`, `increment`, and `increment_i`.
* avm2: Implement `lshift`.
* Implement `modulo`.
* avm2: Implement `multiply` and `multiply_i` (no tests for the latter)
* avm2: Implement `negate` and `negate_i` (no tests for the latter)
* avm2: Implement `rshift`
* avm2: Implement `subtract` and `subtract_i` (the latter without tests)
* avm2: Implement `urshift`.
removeMovieClip should only function on objects within a certain
depth range, usually to prevent removing timeline clips. However,
this wasn't working properly in some cases because the depth was
being biased incorrectly (removeMovieClip never takes a depth
parameter, so we should not bias the depth).
same_item_push was added on nightly, but is currently throwing
a false negative. I added an allow for it, but this causes a
warning on stable for an unknown lints, so allow unknown lints for
now.
This has some particularly annoying consequences for initialization order: notably, we can't actually create any ES4 classes using the standard machinery until after the three objects I just mentioned get created. Ergo, we have to create them through lower-level means, handing prototypes around, and then initialize AVM2's system prototypes list for it.
When we start adding more system prototypes, we'll also have to fill the extras with blank objects and then slot them in as we create them.
We're about to massively change the initialization process, and we really don't want to create another situation where the player can get caught with it's pants down.
This was surprisingly tricky - due to the need to look up superclasses, class trait instantiation requires an active `Activation` and `UpdateContext`. We can't get those during VM instance creation, since the player needs the VM first before it can give it a context to work with. Ergo, we have to tear the global scope initialization in two. At the first possible moment, the player calls a new `load_player_globals` method that initializes all class traits in global scope.
I have no idea why this is necessary - I was in a context where what *should* have been a `NativeMethod<'gc>` was instead being interpreted as some different function type with all the same lifetimes, but with an extra `'gc` lifetime as well. Funneling this through a non-trait method bypasses whatever is going on with the trait solver, and then at that point the trait solver knows what to do. Consider this an extra level of conversion.
ECMA-262 3rd ed. doesn't mention anything about different number types, so the standard as-if rule applies. If we are going to distinguish number types, we have to treat them as if they were the same type, promoting to `f64` as necessary to facilitate the conversion. I took a cursory look at an ECMA-262 4th ed. draft and it appears to do the same, although it calls everything `GeneralNumber` and has some really confusing psuedo-Pascal syntax for some reason.
I am extremely glad AVM2 does not provide access to 64-bit integer types (for now, at least).
Namespaces as values adds a bunch of extra special cases to the coercion and equality rules that don't really belong there. Namespace itself just returns it's URI as a string, so we can just make `NamespaceObject` do that and then treat it the same way we treat boxed primitives.
These include:
* Name resolution in `newobject`
* All runtime & late-bound multinames
* `Object.hasOwnProperty`
* `Object.propertyIsEnumerable`
* `Object.setPropertyIsEnumerable`
So, I overlooked this reading the 1.45 documentation, but the first thing they did is completely change f64 conversions. Apparantly, what I was doing (and what JavaScript spec dictates) is actually considered UB in LLVM, and my ability to actually write a concise wrapping u32 conversion is actually a soundness hole in Rust. Ergo, I'm now emulating the wrapping and sign calculation, which makes this both passing it's tests again and free of soundness holes and UB.
I don't know why I'm doing this - tests are failing in CI but not locally, and I can only assume that the most obvious conversion is broken in some way on whatever other architecture GitHub Actions uses. This will explicitly mask the integer result as a u64, and then convert it down to u32. A not-broken compiler should treat this code identically.
AVM2 is based on ES4, which as far as I'm aware, does not distinguish between "primitive values" and "objects". Thus, it is expedient to interpret any statement requiring something to be an Object to mean "not null or undefined".
Since we internally represent register values with primitive types, it is important that the VM always coerces to object before doing any other sort of type checking. Hence, something like `as_object` is unhelpful as it accidentally enforces a primitive/object distinction that ES4 attempted to remove.
Note that this does NOT completely test the full range of if instructions for abstract relational comparison. Notably, the Adobe Animate CC compiler compiles each operator into it's negated equivalent, e.g. `<` becomes `ifnlt`.
I do not know how to get it to emit `ifge` or the like, which differ only by how they handle `NaN`s.
The test is also far more in-depth than the `if_eq`/`if_ne` tests, which use the same set of vectors as the strict-equality tests from a while ago. Interestingly, this test passed on first run
Implementation is limited to generating exceptions on `null` or `undefined`. I'm not sure if primitive values don't exist in AVM2 or if this is supposed to box them like ES3, so I have decided to handle neither at this time.
This code is slightly over/under-precise compared to AVM2. This is because we handle precision limiting in binary floats rather than as part of the float printing process. Flash Player may also be rounding differently than us. However, I'm pretty sure ECMA-262 allows us to slightly differ here.
The ECMA-262 documentation is awfully overwrought for something that boils down to "chop off the non-whole part, wrap to 32 bits, then reinterpret as signed". Bitwise operations are *hell* to describe mathematically, and such descriptions are even harder to understand.
For whatever reason, `pushbyte` appears to be processed as a *signed* byte, despite the clear wording of "*byte_value* is an unsigned byte" in avm2overview.pdf. I guess it's supposed to be manually converted and promoted in this manner.
As compiled by Adobe Animate CC 2020, this test appears to only use `iffalse`. However, both `op_is_false` and `op_is_true` coerce in the same manner, so I'm not entirely sure this is a problem for now.
Functions that need to assert Boolness without coercion should either:
1. Ensure their function declaration requires a Boolean. (We don't enforce type errors on ES4 typehints yet, but we should.)
2. Check the value type themselves and raise their own errors if necessary.
As it stands the only users of `as_bool` either needed to check the type themselves or use `coerce_to_bool`. Notably, `setPropertyIsEnumerable` doesn't appear to coerce *or* throw an error: it instead fails silently if you hand it a non-`Boolean` value.
Notably, all of the `Avm1` "run stack frame" functions can no longer take a self parameter as the update context they will be getting also has that same parameter. Ergo, they're associated functions that get the moral equivalent of self from the update context.
This also introduces a new `Activation::from_stub` which creates a stub frame that runs everything on the main movie in layer 0. This significantly reduces boilerplate code elsewhere in the project.
This also removes the function parameter on `sort_compare_numeric`. As it was only being used for string comparisons, and it was causing unfixable lifetime issues, I have instead had it take the case-sensitivity flag and call the two functions it would have been passed anyway. This fixes the lifetime issue.
The process of constructing an `Activation` now involves calling `UpdateContext.reborrow`, which "sheds" a lifetime by copying all of the borrows into a new "owned" context with that lifetime.
Likewise, to call out to functions that don't need an `Activation`, just borrow the context out of the current activation. You can also construct child-frame activations by reborrowing the parent activation's context.
There is a race condition inadvertently caused by allowing movies to be fetched in slot 0: it is possible for the player to be caught mid-load without a root movie. A lot of code assumes level 0 always exists (e.g. `levels.get(0).unwrap()`), while our initialization methods assumed no Player methods would be called until the root movie is installed. This is an unreasonable assumption, as among other things users can trigger the race condition by just playing the movie too quickly.
This allows us to remove the conditionals on implementations of `from_path` that need to call this function, as the function is now always guaranteed to be there, even if it's just a no-op/`Err` generator.
During the small period of time when a player is created but has no root movie, a temporary empty movie is installed with an assumed stage size and framerate of 550x400@12fps. This is Flash default for new projects, so it seemed appropriate. User ActionScript cannot see these values, and I'm not even sure JavaScript can, either.
Calling loadMovieNum with a variable parameter compiles into a
GetURL2 call with a `_level` window target parameter. Previously
this triggered Ruffle to try to navigate to the SWF. Now it
properly loads the SWF inside the current movie.
Holding a `Ref` on a garbage-collected object inherently extends any borrow locks on that object. Since ABC files are references already, taking a `Ref` to them only helps to skip the refcount update. This is less useful than expected: in most situations, using `abc_ref` causes double-borrow panics. The few methods that can use it are going to be fragile in the face of future refactors, so I'm nipping the problem in the bud now.
For good measure, most of the other methods in `value` for retrieving pool primitives now also use `TranslationUnit` instead of `AbcFile`. This is the result of a handful of cascading changes throughout the project, and itself caused a few more.
Interface methods are specifically not allowed to be called: as a result, they don't get a method body. Existing code assumed a 1:1 relationship between methods and bodies, which causes spurious errors.
This is inspired by Dinnerbone's similar PR on the AVM1 side, where the Action half of that VM's `Executable` was reduced from 128 bytes to 16 by shoving it in a `Gc`. This won't be as dramatic but should still save some memory.
In fact, it should save a *lot* of memory in bytecode execution, where thanks to the previous commit's rebase, we now need to clone the current method once *for each instruction executed*. That is terrible, but should stop now.
This also results in a far reduced role for `ReturnValue`, since I also took the liberty of removing most of it's use. Furthermore, I also made it apply equally to native and AVM2 code, which ensures all native implementations of methods don't double-borrow.
In AVM1, `ReturnValue` was actually removed entirely, because it's not needed. I attempted to do the same, but the fact that we're currently embedding `ScriptObjectData` in native objects means that we need it for virtual properties. Otherwise, virtual property implementations will see locked objects, which is bad.
While some code that references pool multinames has zero as a valid index, we cannot validate exactly what the zero index is for a given index. Hence, callers instantiating multinames must check for zero and substitute the correct zero-value interpretation for their given type. If zero is an invalid value, it should ideally throw a different error than what's provided here.
This commit breaks the build: we still need to tell `Avm2` how to turn ABC traits into our own internal `Trait<'gc>`, `Class<'gc>`, and `Method<'gc>` types. We also need something to track which traits have already been instantiated, because `callstatic` would otherwise reinstantiate the trait in a different scope. (In fact, I think it *does* do exactly that right now...)
The intention is to completely replace all usage of `Avm2XYZEntry` with `Class`, `Trait`, and `Method`. This will allow runtime-provided global class traits to coexist with those provided by user code.
Inspired by Dinnerbone's PR doing the exact same thing to AVM1.
On AVM2 we have a bit of a subtle issue: the base implementation of `set_property_local` and `init_property_local` *must* return `ReturnValue`s to avoid double-borrows. Each implementation of `TObject` must resolve them before returning.
This function has vague documentation about enabling locale-specific formatting in subclasses. As far as I can tell, none of the objects I implemented so far do anything different than `toString`, so I just have it use the same `TObject` property I set up for `toString`.
This was originally something *way* more evil: mixed inheritance between ES3 and ES4 classes. It didn't pan out due to fundamental limitations of the two object models. How the hell did Brendan Eich/Adobe/TC-39 expect ES4 classes to be adopted in already-existing codebases?!
We still reuse the `FunctionObject` machinery internally. If necessary, we may want to split this into a separate `ClassObject` if some internal `TObject` method needs replacing for classes.
In practice not many movies will care about this, because the `AS3` namespace is open by default. You could opt-out of that, and I suppose that was there for using existing ES3 code in AS3 projects. ES4 would have had a similar ES4 namespace, which "JavaScript 2.0" code would need to opt into. Of course, ES4/JS2 never happened, so we just have this weird historical quirk here.
The reason for this is that, in AVM2, `toString` and `valueOf` are not defined on the classes or prototypes of `Function` or `Class`. Instead, they use the `Object.prototype` versions of those functions. Ergo, string and primitive coercion are inherent object methods (the ones that get `[[DoubleSquareBrackets]]` in the ECMA standards). In Ruffle, our equivalent to `[[DoubleSquareBrackets]]` methods are methods on the `TObject` trait, so we're adding them there.
This mechanism will make implementing boxed value types (ala AVM1's `BoxedObject`) easier, too.
We also add some reasonable defaults for `ScriptObject` and `FunctionObject` which will appear on objects, functions, and classes.
Private names now return `false`, and we run any names through trait lookups. This also means any namespace resolution can fail now, in case we need to throw a `VerifyError`.
I have... significant reservations with the way object enumeration happens in AVM2. For comparison, AVM1 enumeration works like this: You enumerate the entire object at once, producing a list of property names, which are then pushed onto the stack after a sentinel value. This is a properly abstract way to handle property enumeration.
In AVM2, they completely replaced this with index-based enumeration. What this means is that you hand the object an index and it gives you back a name or value. There's also an instruction that will give you the next index in the object.
The only advantage I can think of is that it results in less stack manipulation if you want to bail out of iteration early. You just jump out of your loop and kill the registers you don't care about. The disadvantage is that it locks the object representation down pretty hard. They also screwed up the definition of `hasnext`, and thus the VM is stuck enumerating properties from 1. This is because `hasnext` and `hasnext2` increment the index value before checking the object. Code generated by Animate 2020 (which I suspect to be the final version of that software that generates AVM2 code) initializes the index at hero, and then does `hasnext2`, hence we have to start from one.
I actually cheated a little and added a separate `Vec` for storing enumerant names. I strongly suspect that Adobe's implementation has objects be inherently slot-oriented, and named properties are just hashmap lookups to slots. This would allow enumerating the slots to get names out of the object.
Our already odd `super` handling throws up another subtlety regarding bound recievers. Since we have to construct an instance of a parent class in order to get traits on it, we also have to make sure that we initialize traits with the correct reciever. I'll demonstrate here:
```let mut base = base_proto.construct(avm, context, &[])?;
let name = base.resolve_multiname(&multiname).unwrap();
let value = base.get_property(object, &name, avm, context)?.resolve(avm, context)?```
In this case, if `name` is the name of a method, getter, or setter trait, then `get_property` will instantiate that trait on `base` but bound to `reciever`. This is correct behavior for this case, but more generally, trait instantiation is permenant and therefore there's potential for confusing shenanigans if you `get_property` with the wrong reciever.
To be very clear, `reciever` should *always* be the same object that is getting `get_property` et. all called on it. In the event that you need to instantiate traits with a different `reciever`, you should construct a one-off object and retrieve prototypes from that.
Previously, we were treating ES4 classes like syntactic sugar over a prototype chain (like ES6 classes); e.g. each declared trait was set in the given prototype and then property look-ups happened as normal.
This already caused problems with virtual properties, which could be partially-defined in subclasses and required careful checks to make sure we stopped checking the prototype chain on the *correct* half of the property.
However, this is a hint of a larger problem, which is that ES4 classes don't actually define anything on the prototype chain. Instead, the instance itself constructs class properties and methods on itself. This allows things like methods automatically binding `this`, which isn't included in this commit but will be implemented really soon.
The prototype chain still exists even on pure ES4 classes, due to the need for backwards compatibility with ES3 code. Object, for example, still defines it's methods as prototype methods and thus there needs to be a prototype chain to reach them. I actually could have gotten away with using the prototype chain if AS3 *hadn't* retained this "legacy" detail of ES3 allowing this class/prototype distinction to leak out into upcoming tests.
We still actually use the prototype chain for one other thing: trait resolution. When we look for a trait to install onto an object, we pull traits from the prototype chain using a special set of `TObject` methods. This happens in opposite order from normal prototype lookups so that subclassing and verification can proceed correctly.
`super` somehow became even harder to implement: we now actually construct the parent class so we can get traits from it, which is going to complicate method binding as mentioned above.
This tests:
* Getter invocation
* Setter invocation
* Properties with one or the other, but not both
* Inheritance
* Superproperty getters and setters
* Getters with inherited setter
* Setters with inherited getter
The previous system for handling setters would execute the setter and then return a value to indicate whether or not the caller needed to resolve a stack frame. However, no caller of `Property.set` actually did this. Ergo, errors in setters and getters would not resolve up the stack at the correct time.
This problem also exists in AVM1 but is far less noticable as AVM1 only has two very uncommon runtime errors and very few movies use `throw`.
Normally, `set_property` only affects the object it was called on, which makes sense: otherwise, we couldn't override values that originate from a class prototype without accidentally monkey-patching the prototype. However, virtual setters only exist in prototypes and need to be accessible from child objects.
The solution to this is to have a specific method to check if a virtual setter exists. Virtual setters are then resolved through the prototype chain. If no virtual setter exists, then the reciever object is handed the value.
Note that we always use the `reciever` object rather than `self` so that `setsuper` can work correctly. In `setsuper`, we resolve the base class, and then set properties on it with the actual object in question as it's reciever. If a virtual setter is called, it will get the actual object it should be manipulating; and otherwise, prototypes will not be modified or consulted.
This required the reintroduction of dedicated reciever parameters to `Object.get_property_local` and `Object.set_property`, which I had removed from the AVM1 code I copied it from. It turns out being able to change the reciever was actually necessary in order to make super set/get work.
The previous system primarily relied on `Executable` to automatically start and continue a super chain. This works, but only for class hierarchies without *override gaps* - methods that override another method not defined by the direct superclass of the method. In that case, the override method would be called twice as the `base_class` was moved up one prototype at a time, which is wrong.
The new system relies on the call site to accurately report the prototype from which the current method was retrieved from. Super calls then start the resolution process *from the superclass of this prototype*, to ensure that the already-called method is skipped.
It should be noted that the proper `base_class` for things like `callmethod`, `callstatic`, `call`, `get`/`set` methods, and other call opcodes that don't use property look-up are best-effort guesses that may need to be amended later with better tests.
To facilitate `base_proto` resolution, a new `Object` method has been added. It's similar to `get_property`, but instead returns the closest prototype that can resolve the given `QName`, rather than the actual property's `ReturnValue`. Call operations use this to resolve the `base_proto`, and then resolve the method being called in `base_proto`. The existing `exec_super` method was removed and a `base_proto` method added to `exec` and `call`.
This works primarily by retaining the current superclass prototype in the activation object and then using it to retrieve the super method.
For constructors, we implement the `constructor` property, which is probably not the correct way to do this.
This currently treats `coerce_a` as a no-op. Strictly speaking, this is for type verification purposes, but we currently don't type-verify ABC code. Ergo, this requires no VM support at this time.
Also, implement a method table that method traits can optionally add themselves to.
Also also, add the ability to invoke a method without a `this` object. This required a non-trivial refactoring of the activation machinery, and changes to the signature of `NativeFunction`, and all native AVM2 functions.
In the future, the `unwrap_stack_frame` mechanism should be expanded upon to allow running exception handlers and recovering from a Rust error - but not today.
Notably, this also removes `new_closure_scope` as it is not needed. AVM1 does not capture `with` scopes in closures, but AVM2 (as well as modern ECMAScript) does.
We already have a menagerie of `install_*` functions for adding static properties to a an object; and we don't have to support any kind of asinine nonsense liks `ASSetPropFlags` here. Ergo, we don't need this.
In AVM1, these are necessary because `ActionGetVariable` et. all directly interface with the scope chain. In AVM2, you `findpropstrict` up the scope chain, which gives you a normal object that you can interact with as you like. Ergo, the scope chain doesn't need set/get property methods.
All constant pools in an ABC file are actually numbered starting from one; there's an implicit 0 entry not stored in the file that the runtime is expected to retrieve when pulling constants from the pool.
The AVM2/ABC spec only mentions this in passing.
This allows the AVM to declare classes, which necessitated some refactoring to avoid double-borrows or having to do something "magic" that would dodge virtual properties.
I'm writing all this code assuming that classes and traits are syntactic sugar around ES3-style prototype chains on function objects. Hence, `FunctionObject` is still our workhorse object type for implementing typing.
If a text field with a variable binding is placed on the stage,
usually the variable is initialized with the initial text. However,
if the text field is empty, the variable remains undefined.
Fixes#777.
Don't override set_matrix and set_x for TextFields, and leave the
bounds intact.
TODO: There are still some wrapping issues in the tests, but
this allows the simple case of single-line texts to render
correctly.
Add `EditText::variable` as well as `TextField.variable` property.
This commit only adds the getter/setter and does not yet add the
binding functionality.
DefineLocal will call a virtual setter if the property already exists
on the local object, including the local object's prototype chain.
DefineLocal2 will also not overwrite a property if it already exists
on the local object, including the local object's prototype chain.
This was originally intended to correctly position text within the border, but it appears borders are weird and this doesn't jive with what unbordered text does.
On the desktop player, shared objects will now be flushed on quit.
Attempting to retrieve an existing shared object will now return a
reference to the existing one.
During the raising process, we maintain a list of pointers to the lowest-most `textformat`, `p`, `font`, `a`, `b`, `i`, and `u` in the document that we are appending to. When we get a new one of any of those elements, we clear the rest off the stack. This forces us to add HTML in the same order Flash does.
LIs are not yet supported because they require us to process text line-by-line which doesn't mesh with this model.
There's also a test but the XML DOM generates HTML strings with the wrong attribute order, so the test fails spuriously.
This necessitated a change to edittext_bullet, which turns out is accidentally an entity test, too. It now no longer uses entities so that it won't spuriously fail due to an entity related problem.
Bullets are implemented by rendering U+2022 as if it were normal text, but always placed 18px from the left of the line. This appears to be sort of what Flash does.
This also replaces the `edittext_html_defaults` test with a more robust test that checks the default format and global format of SWF-based, text, and HTML test vectors.
It *does*, however, respect `<sbr>` (which does the exact same thing), as well as `\n` (which makes absolutely no sense in HTML, normally that would get stripped out).
This implementation has a few bugs which appear to have something to do with alignment. It's not only justify, but justify is the only test that's flagged as failing.
If you look at the margins test, you'll see what I mean: right-aligned and justified text doesn't quite make it to the right edge of the box even though it should. I'm not sure why.
This also restricts text rounding further: `measure` now only rounds when wrapping text, since Flash Player appears to account for fractional pixels in all other cases.
There are several problems, first off:
1. I'm not entirely sure what I'm supposed to be changing on the text field when someone writes `html`.
2. We're using the XML parser for HTML (both `htmlText` and SWF tag parsing) which causes problems. Notably, `<br>` issues an AVM1 error (!!!) because the XML parser doesn't like unclosed tags.
3. Reading `htmlText` should not return the same HTML tree (at least, not until we implement stylesheets). It should instead regenerate an HTML tree from text spans.
This test is currently inaccurate by up to 5 pixels, this is due to some behavior with really, really wide tabstops and word breaks that I don't entirely get yet.
This was verified by visual comparison with Flash Player; lines of text appear to be shifted by half-pixels, while the script output is always still rounded down.
This is an approximate text with a 1-pixel tolerance because our height is currently off by one and I cannot explain why. Previous attempts to fix the bug have resulted in cascading errors that resulted in off-by-one errors in the opposite direction. This is still better than nothing and I need to check other tests in.
Flash has a weird bug where it will NOT trim trailing spaces off of the metrics reported to users if the text is left-aligned. We replicate this here so that tests pass.
The `Default` bounds are NOT safe to union against if they were uninitialized. Doing so will force any resulting layout box to enclose `(0,0)`, which can throw off certain layout calculations. Instead, we use `None` to signal an uninitialized box.
`EditText` supports two different forms of leading:
1. Font-provided leading, specified relative to the EM square and scaled with font size
2. User-specificed leading, specified in pixels
Notably, the former appears to apply to the first line in the text and pushes it down. This showed up in the `edittext_font_size` test, and according to that test result the leading is rounded *up* to the nearest pixel, plus one.
That last bit seems possibly wrong and is subject to further change, but it matches the tests at multiple scales.
Certain text routines calculate text on the pixel grid, despite the fact that Flash ordinarily works in twips. There is probably a reason for this - my guess is to keep text wrapping stable across multiple pixel densities (e.g. low-res screens plus high-res print).
I don't know why, but this is necessary for the "NEW STUFF" box on homestarrunner.com's toons menu to position correctly. SOMEWHERE, we are performing some kind of operation that adjusts one of the two, but not the other, and I can't find out what.
This fixes spaces at the start of text spans not being rendered, but also breaks center-align.
I also broke the font tests, so I had to rewrite them, which makes me question their value.
Right margins: Simple enough, we just need to subtract the right margin from the bounds when we calculate our alignment adjustment.
Trailing spaces: This is very tricky as we effectively have to remeasure the last box in the line when fixing it up. This also means LayoutContext has to hold the text itself so we can remeasure again...
Lines wider than bounds: If word wrap is disabled it is possible for a line to exceed the bounds of the box. In this case it will be left-aligned. Effectively, the align adjustment is clamped to positive values and we do that here too.